Effects of Different Substrate Composition on Growth of Gesneriaceae Plants

The cultivation experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different proportions of peat soil, perlite, vermiculite and yellow mud on growth of Gesneriaceae species(Chirita gueilinensis, Sinningia speciosa, Lysionotus pauciflorus, Hemiboea henryi, Aeschynanthus acuminatus, Saintpaulia ionantha). The growth traits of each plant growing in 7 different matrix materials were investigated.The plant height, crown width and chlorophyll content of each plant were measured. The results showed that the best substrate ratio was peat soil∶vermiculite=2∶1for C. gueilinensis, L. pauciflorus and H. henryi; peat soil∶perlite∶vermiculite = 2∶1∶1for S. ionantha; peat soil∶vermiculite∶yellow mud=2∶1∶1 for S. speciosa; peat soil∶perlite∶vermiculite∶yellow mud=2∶1∶1∶1 for A. acuminatus.     

乌鄯线冬季冷热油交替输送运行方案

为保障西部原油管道乌鄯线安全平稳运行,实现节能降耗输送,分析了乌鄯线和阿独乌线外输哈国油物性、沿线油温、地温数据,进而探讨了乌鄯线冬季运行冷热油交替输送的可行性。研究结果表明：长输原油管道冬季低输量运行,其进站油温差距不大并与地温的变化趋势一致,沿线地温为冬季冷热油交替输送的重要参数;采用冷热油交替输送工艺,哈国油常温输送对北疆油物性影响不大;乌鄯线冬季运行采用冷热油交替输送,节约燃料天然气约51.6%,节能降耗效果明显,说明乌鄯线冬季运行采用冷热油交替输送具有可行性。     

我国油菜籽及菜子油进口依赖性与进口安全研究

为判断我国油菜籽及菜子油进口来源的可靠性,降低进口风险,考察我国对主要来源国的进口依赖关系。在分析我国油菜籽和菜子油进口市场结构的基础上,综合考察我国油菜籽及菜子油从各主要来源国的进口占总进口值的份额(I1)、进口来源国对我国出口占该国总出口值的份额(I2),各主要出口国的油菜籽及菜子油出口值占世界的份额(P值)以及我国与各国总体贸易平衡状况(B指数),测算我国对主要进口来源市场的进口依赖系数(I3及I5),并评价进口安全性。结果表明我国油菜籽和菜子油进口主要依赖加拿大市场,但对加拿大的油菜籽进口依赖系数I3和I5分别从2005年的12.781 8和4.322 4下降到2012年的2.662 5和1.032 7,菜子油I3和I5分别从2005年的5.079 8和0.906 2下降到2012年的2.232 7和0.856 1。得出加拿大是我国油菜籽和菜子油进口的安全来源,进口油菜籽比菜子油更加经济合理的结论,并提出相关对策建议。     

高温闷棚技术在大棚辣椒连作生产上的应用

为研究大棚辣椒土传病害绿色防控技术,选择不同的高温闷棚杀菌方法,以本地传统的高温炕地杀菌方法为对照,调查不同处理对地温和土壤pH值的影响,调查不同处理大棚辣椒的根结线虫、疫病、枯萎病、青枯病和根腐病的发生为害情况,测量大棚辣椒产量。结果表明,应用石灰氮、覆盖地膜和大棚膜进行高温闷棚对大棚辣椒土传病害有较好的防治效果。     

江苏1204拖拉机液压输出功率不足问题的解决

江苏1204拖拉机液压输出功率,在试验时,出现输出功率不足的问题。对实验数据分析,影响液压功率的两个因素流量和压力,从元件品质来看,可能是齿轮泵的容积效率以及系统低压区漏气的问题,从设计角度分析,则可能是吸油管及其管路元件结构参数的选择问题。如何确定系统元件的参数即吸油管等元件的参数,按规范设计是基本的要求;之后,才是根据实际情况,再优化设计和超越规范设计。对试验中出现的问题,查找应遵守逻辑原则,涉及到实物分解时,则是先易后难,最终找到问题的原因予以解决。     

桐油基改性树脂研究进展

从桐油的分子结构特征出发,综述了桐油基共聚树脂、桐油基改性醇酸树脂、桐油基改性酚醛树脂、桐油基增强复合材料及功能改性涂料等研究领域的最新研究进展,通过进一步认识桐油基改性树脂的研究进展,以期为桐油基改性树脂在各个领域的研究和应用提供参考。     

秋种马铃薯高产栽培技术

经过多年多点示范,总结出高山秋种马铃薯高产栽培技术。即秋种马铃薯以选择排灌水方便的沙壤土或黄壤土为宜,忌与茄科作物连作;8月上中旬,采用单垄双行双三角形播种,密度5.25万~6.00万株/hm2;合理施肥,注意防治病虫害。     

基坑监测技术及其应用研究

基坑的有效监测是保证工程建设协调进行、确保工程质量的关键。介绍基坑监测技术的内容与方法,以实例说明基坑监测在工程项目中的应用及需要注意的问题,为基坑监测工作的不断完善提供有益的建议。     

优化提取裸花紫珠总黄酮含量及对表皮伤口易感染菌抑菌性的研究

为了选出裸花紫珠总黄酮提取的最优方法,比较了ASE、超声、微波萃取和多功能浓缩4种提取方法在裸花紫珠总黄酮提取率上的差异,并利用微孔刃天青法测定总黄酮对表皮易感染菌的MIC值。结果发现ASE法总黄酮提取率最高,约为1.26%,其次为超声和微波萃取法,总黄酮提取率分别约为1.03%和0.98%,多功能浓缩法提取率最低,约为0.36%,且耗时最长。而且研究发现,ASE的MIC值最低。最终得出ASE提取效率最高,且提取物有较好的抑菌性,是裸花紫珠总黄酮提取的最优方法。     

Cannibalism facilitates gigantism in a nine‐spined stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) population

Cannibalism is a taxonomically widespread phenomenon that can fundamentally affect the structure and stability of aquatic communities, including the emergence of a bimodal size distribution (“dwarfs” and “giants”) in fish populations. Emergence of giants could also be driven or facilitated by parasites that divert host resources from reproduction to growth. We studied the trophic ecology of giant nine‐spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius) in a Finnish pond to evaluate the hypotheses that gigantism in this population would be facilitated by cannibalism and/or parasitic infections by Schistocephalus pungitii cestode. Stomach content analyses revealed an initial ontogenetic dietary shift from small to large benthic invertebrates, followed by cannibalism on 10–20‐mm‐long conspecifics by giant individuals. However, stable nitrogen isotopes (δ¹⁵N) indicated a concave relationship between fish size and trophic position, with relatively low trophic position estimates suggesting only facultative cannibalism among giants. The unexpectedly high trophic position of the intermediate‐sized fish may reflect substantial, but temporary, predation on eggs or young‐of‐the‐year conspecifics, but may also partly result from starvation caused by S. pungitii infection. However, it seems implausible that parasitic infections (i.e. castration) would explain gigantism among nine‐spined sticklebacks because all >100‐mm giants were unparasitised. Hence, the present results suggest that an ontogenetic niche shift from an invertebrate diet to intercohort cannibalism may facilitate the occurrence of gigantism in nine‐spined sticklebacks.